Presidential elections
Presidents and their elections
from 1789 through 2016
For polling data dating back to 1936, by demographic group, see the
Gallup U.S. Presidential Election Center.
- Presidents as numbers
- Names of the presidents
- Major candidates and popular vote percentage
- Color denotations
see here, and for a bit of explanation, here,
and as to number of elections won (0, 1, or 2 or more) by typography,
see here;
two-way (cartesian product) classifications are here and here.
Pairs of numbers separated by a slash
should be interpreted as illustrated by
one or another of these two (valid) examples:
- 56e/44p = 1.27e/p
- 56 elections, 44 presidents (an average of 1.27 election victories per president)
- 56e/39ep = 1.44e/ep
- 56 elections, 39 elected presidents (an average of 1.44 election victories per elected president).
Presidents as numbers
Note that most of the numbers in the tables below, despite their colors,are clickable.
For the denotations of the colors, click here.
By year of election:
00 04 08 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 1600 J P M F&IW.......... KPW KWW...... 1700 QAW......... ...colonial America... KGW.. F&IW...... T I Y T C 1 1 2 1800 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 7 8 9d+11 12d+14 15 16 16a+18 18 19 20a+22 23 24 25.. 1900 25a 26 27 28 28 29d 30 31 32 32 32 32d 33 34 34 35a 36 37 37r+39 40 40 41 42 42 2000 43 43 44 44 45 |
By decade:
1789 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9d101844 11 12d1314 15 16a1718 19 20a 18802122 23 24 25a 26 27 28 29d 30 1928 31 32d 33 34 35a 36 37r3839 40 1988 41 42 43 44 45
By era/trend:
1789 1 2 3 4 5 6 1828 7 8 9d |
By party:
Federalist (3e/2p) 1 2 Dem.-Rep. (7e/4p) 3 4 5 6 Whig (2e/4p) 9d |
By number of elections won:
0: (5p) |
By party and number of elections won:
| Party | Number of elections won | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0e (5p) | 1e (24p) | 2e (15p) | 4e (1p) | |
| Federalist (3e/2p = 1.5e/p) | 2 | 1 | ||
6 | 3 4 5 | |||
| 9d 12d | |||
| Democratic (22e/16p = 1.375e/p, 22e/15ep = 1.47e/ep) |
| 8 11 14 15 22 24 33 35a 36 39 | 7 28 42 44 | 32d |
| Republican (24e/19p = 1.26e/p, 24e/17ep = 1.41e/ep) |
| 19 20a 23 26 27 29d 30 31 41 45 | 16a 18 25a 34 37r 40 43 | |
By consolidated party and number of elections won:
| Consolidated Party | Number of elections won | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0e (5p) | 1e (24p) | 2e (15p) | 4e (1p) | |
| Democratic (29e/20p = 1.45e/p, |
| 6 8 11 14 15 22 24 33 35a 36 39 | 3 4 5 7 28 42 44 | 32d |
| Federalist, Whig, Republican |
| 2 9d 12d 19 20a 23 26 27 29d 30 31 41 45 | 1 16a 18 25a 34 37r 40 43 | |
A simple list:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9d 10 11 12d 13 14 15 16a 17 18 19 20a 21 22 23 24 25a 26 27 28 29d 30 31 32d 33 34 35a 36 37r 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
Comments:
From 1789 through 2016 there were 58 presidential elections and 45 presidents
(counting Grover Cleveland twice, as 22 and 24).
Five presidents never won an election, so there have been 40 elected presidents.
Sixteen presidents won reelection, one of them (32) being reelected thrice,
so there were eighteen reelections in all.
So:
45 presidents - 5 nonelected presidents + 18 reelections =
40 elected presidents + 18 reelections =
58 elections =
0×5 + 1×24 + 2×15 + 3×0 + 4×1,
[A pedantic note:
the last expression is really just the trace in the integers
of the typed expression
(0 elections won/president) × (5 presidents) +
(1 election won/president) × (24 presidents) +
(2 elections won/president) × (15 presidents) +
(3 elections won/president) × (0 presidents) +
(4 elections won/president) × (1 president).]
There were
four deaths from natural causes: 9, 12, 29, 32,
four assassinations: 16, 20, 25, 35, and
one resignation: 37,
making nine incomplete terms and
nine ascensions from the vice-presidency to the presidency.
Of those nine,
four did not run in the next election: 10, 13, 17, 21,
one ran but was defeated: 38,
while four did win their own election: 26, 30, 33, 36.
Perhaps oddly,
although each of those four won one full term in his own right,
none ran in the next presidential election for a second full term.
26 (Theodore Roosevelt) and 30 (Coolidge) chose not to run again,
while both 33 (Truman) and 36 (Lyndon Johnson)
were hindered by unpopular wars.
TR tried again in 1912, in a party of his own, but was defeated.
Surprisingly,
42 (Clinton) and 43 (Bush) were the first consecutive two-full-term presidencies,
winning all four elections from 1992 up to 2008,
since 3 (Jefferson), 4 (Madison) and 5 (Monroe)
who won all six elections from 1800 up to 1824,
a feat that has now been achieved (if that is the word) by
42 (Clinton), 43 (Bush) and 44 (Obama).
The closest approximations are
16a (Lincoln) and 18 (Grant) who won all four elections from 1860 up to 1876
(but their terms were separated by
and the four elections won by 32d (Franklin Roosevelt) from 1932 up to 1948,
the fourth term being completed by 33 (Truman).
Finally, it seems surprising how very even the two (extended) parties are,
in both number of presidents and elections won
(each has won 29 of the 58 elections),
after 150 years of competition.
Notes:
General data is from Wikipedia’s article on
United States presidential elections and its
List of Presidents of the United States and
List of political parties in the United States;
the Jewish vote is from the Jewish Virtual Library
(all as of early December 2006, except for the 2008 and later election updates).
Color denotations
The color purple is used for the 1792–1824 Democratic-Republican Party,
while this color (“forestgreen”) is used for
both the 1792–1816 Federalist and 1833–56 Whig parties.
We give the option of switching the usual color convention for today’s parties,
making Democrats red
and Republicans blue.
Why?
Because Democrats are, compared to Republicans, the party of the left,
and of course the color of the left has traditionally been red.
The real question should be why the media did not do the same.
My guess is that
they did not want to associate the Democratic Party with the Communists.
On George Washington:
George Washington is a special case.
In both of his elections (1789, 1792) he was essentially unopposed.
However, there were in fact two parties or factions at this time,
the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists,
and he was of the Federalist faction.
To recognize this and to honor him, he is given a distinctive gold tone,
but classified as a Federalist.
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Labels: elections, presidential elections, presidents
posted by KHarbaugh at 04:00
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