The Coming of Post-Industrial Society (Bell)

Here is Table 1-1, “General Schema of Social Change,”
from The Coming of Post-Industrial Society (1973) by Daniel Bell.

TABLE 1-1 General Schema of Social Change

	Pre-Industrial	Industrial	Post-Industrial
Regions:	Asia Africa Latin America	Western Europe Soviet Union Japan	United States
Economic sector:	Primary Extractive: Agriculture Mining Fishing Timbering	Secondary Goods producing: Manufacturing Processing	Tertiary Transportation Utilities Quaternary Trade Finance Insurance Real Estate Quinary Health Education Research Government Recreation
Occupational slope:	Farmer Miner Fisherman Unskilled worker	Semi-skilled worker Engineer	Professional and technical Scientists
Technology:	Raw materials	Energy	Information
Design:	Game against nature	Game against fabricated nature	Game between persons
Methodology:	Common sense experience	Empiricism Experimentation	Abstract theory: models, simulation, decision theory, systems analysis
Time perception:	Orientation to the past Ad hoc response	Ad hoc adaptiveness Projections	Future orientation Forecasting
Axial principle	Traditionalism: Land/resource limitation	Economic growth: State or private control of investment decisions	Centrality of and codification of theoretical knowledge